In financial and legal usage, defalcation may involve misappropriation of funds by a person trusted with their charge; also, the act of misappropriation, or an instance thereof. The United States Bankruptcy Code uses the term specifically to describe a category of acts that taint a particular debt such that it cannot be discharged in bankruptcy. The United States Supreme Court addressed the issue in 2013, holding that "defalcation" in the context of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code requires proof of "a culpable state of mind… involving knowledge of, or gross recklessness in respect to, the improper nature of the relevant fiduciary behavior."