Echolalia is the unsolicited repetition of vocalizations made by another person. In its profound form it is automatic and effortless. It is one of the echophenomena, closely related to echopraxia, the automatic repetition of movements made by another person; both are "subsets of imitative behavior" whereby sounds or actions are imitated "without explicit awareness". Echolalia may be an immediate reaction to a stimulus or may be delayed.

मनोविज्ञान के सन्दर्भ में, दूसरों के शब्दों या वाक्यों को अकारण, अनैच्छिक और निरर्थक ही दुहराना प्रतिजल्पता कहलाता है। इसे हिन्दी में 'शब्दानुकरण' भी कहते हैं।