ನಿಯೋಗ ಒಂದು ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಹಿಂದೂ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯ ಮತ್ತು ಇದರಲ್ಲಿ ಒಬ್ಬ ಮಹಿಳೆಯು ವಿನಂತಿಸಿಕೊಂಡು ತನಗೆ ಒಂದು ಮಗು ಹೆರಲು ಸಹಾಯಮಾಡಲು ಒಬ್ಬ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ನೇಮಕ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದಳು. ಈ ಹಿಂದೂ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯದ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ನೇಮಕಗೊಂಡ ಪುರುಷನು ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ಒಬ್ಬ ಪೂಜ್ಯ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯಾಗಿರುತ್ತಿದ್ದನು. ಈ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಗೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದಂತೆ ವಿವಿಧ ಷರತ್ತುಗಳಿದ್ದವು.

Niyoga was a Hindu practice, primarily followed during the ancient period. It was permitted for the widows or wives who had no child by their spouse to procreate a child with another man. The basic purpose of niyoga is to ensure the continuation of the family lineage and to mitigate the financial and social precariousness that a childless widow would have faced in society. Niyoga was forbidden in the Kali age by Brhaspati and other smrti writers. It has been held that niyoga has nothing to do with polyandry. Sir Henry Maine thinks that the Niyoga is of a later date than the Levirate, but J. D. Mayne justified regarding the Levirate as merely an enlarged form of the Niyoga, that came into effect after a man's death. The Niyoga system, which enabled a woman to choose and invite a male with the desirable seed, and bear children.