लंका एक पौराणिक द्वीप है जिसका उल्लेख रामायण और महाभारत आदि हिन्दू ग्रन्थों में मिलता है है। इसका राजा रावण था। यह 'त्रिकुट' नामक तीन पर्वतों से घिरी थी। रामायण के अनुसार, जब रावण ने हनुमान को दण्ड देने के लिए उनकी पूँछ में कपड़े लपेटकर उसको तेल में भिगोकर आग लगा दी थी तब हनुमान ने पूरी लंका में कूद-कूदकर उसे जला दिया था। जब राम ने रावण का वध किया तब उसके भाई विभीषण को लंका का राजा बनाया।

Lanka is the name given in Hindu epics to the island fortress capital of the legendary asura king Ravana in the epics of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. The fortress was situated on a plateau between three mountain peaks known as the Trikuta Mountains. The ancient city of Lankapura is said to have been burnt down by Hanuman. After its king, Ravana was killed by Rama with the help of Ravana's brother Vibhishana, the latter was crowned king of Lankapura. His descendants were said to still rule the kingdom during the period of the Pandavas. According to the Mahabharata, the Pandava Sahadeva visited this kingdom during his southern military campaign for the rajasuya of Yudhishthira. The palaces of Ravana were said to be guarded by four-tusked elephants.