A federation is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-governing status of the component states, as well as the division of power between them and the central government, is constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision, neither by the component states nor the federal political body.

एक संघ या फेडरेशन,, एक राजनीतिक सत्त्व हैं, जो किसी केन्द्रीय (संघीय) सरकार के अंतर्गत आंशिक रूप से स्वशासित राज्यों या क्षेत्रों के संघ (यूनियन) से चिन्हित होता हैं।