Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent. This process differs from absorption, in which a fluid is dissolved by or permeates a liquid or solid. While adsorption does often precede absorption, which involves the transfer of the absorbate into the volume of the absorbent material, alternatively, adsorption is distinctly a surface phenomenon, wherein the adsorbate does not penetrate through the material surface and into the bulk of the adsorbent. The term sorption encompasses both adsorption and absorption, and desorption is the reverse of sorption.

किसी गैस, द्रव या घुले हुए ठोस के परमाणुओं, आयनों, जैवाणुओं या अणुओं का किसी सतह (surface) से चिपकना (adhesion) अधिशोषण (Adsorption) कहलाता है। यह क्रिया शोषण (absorbtion) से इस अर्थ में अलग है कि शोषण में कोई तरल किसी द्रव या ठोस में घुस जाता है।