Scorpions are predatory arachnids of the order Scorpiones. They have eight legs and are easily recognized by a pair of grasping pincers and a narrow, segmented tail, often carried in a characteristic forward curve over the back and always ending with a stinger. The evolutionary history of scorpions goes back 435 million years. They mainly live in deserts but have adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions, and can be found on all continents except Antarctica. There are over 2,500 described species, with 22 extant (living) families recognized to date. Their taxonomy is being revised to account for 21st-century genomic studies.

वृश्चिक या बिच्छू सन्धिपाद (Arthropoda) संघ का साँस लेनेवाला अष्टपाद (Arachnid) है। इसकी अनेक जातियाँ हैं, जिनमें आपसी अंतर बहुत मामूली हैं। यहाँ बूथस (Buthus) वंश का विवरण दिया जा रहा है, जो लगभग सभी जातियों पर घटता है।